Earth System Science 1

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 02. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Systems and Feedbacks --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded September 30, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 03. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Our Solar System and Universe --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 2, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 05. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Plate Tectonics --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 7, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

The earth is a system of complex interactions.

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CLASS: GeoEng 341
PROFESSOR: Dr. David Rogers
DESCRIPTION OF COURSE: Study of procedures and techniques used to evaluate geologic factors for site selection and the design of engineered structures. Prerequisite: Ge Eng 275.

The earth sciences are central to all aspects of life - get a quick glimpse in this 6 min video.

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 04. Introduction to Earth System Science -- What Controls Our Planet's Temperature --
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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 4, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

Planet Earth is this solid thing you are standing on right now. In your everyday life you don't really waste a thought about how amazing this is. A giant, ancient, hot rock. How did it come into existence and how big is it really? You will be surprised. The ground you are standing on is just a very, very small part of the big picture.

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Everything You Need to Know About Planet Earth

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Observe the events that show how Earth works as a set of interconnected systems.

This HD dramatic video choreographed to powerful music introduces the viewer/student to the wonder of Earth Science. It is designed as a motivational trailer to be shown in classrooms by Earth Science and Physical Science teachers in high school and college as a visual Introduction to the beauty and complexity of the planet Earth.

Please rate this video and feel free to comment. If you like it, please help me spread the word by posting links on your media websites. The more students who can enjoy these dramatic videos, the better!

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I wish to thank all the quality video and music producers whose postings enabled me to assemble this video for educational use. To best enjoy this video, turn up your speakers. The music is very powerful and dramatic!

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Part 1 of 2. How the Earth was formed, the interdisciplinary science of earth science, and what the universe is composed of.

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 07. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Earthquakes --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 11, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

From lakes that actually explode to a twin planet that crashed into Earth once upon a time, we count 15 facts about the little blue planet we like to call home
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Background audio copyright Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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Notes for Mr. Dove's APES Class. This is an introduction to the Earth's major systems and how they work.

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 18. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Oceans -- Part 2
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded November 8, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

--Vote now!! Bringing fun stop motion animation to education! Created by Sophia Cho. Submission for the Project Ed scholarship contest. All original work. The Spheres Song composed by Sophia Cho. Created with the Stop Motion Studio App for iPhone. Took about 1800+ frames. Thank you for your consideration!

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 19. Introduction to Earth System Science -- The Biosphere -- Part 1
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded November 15, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

In this episode of Crash Course Kids, Sabrina talks about two of the four spheres that make up our planet; The Geosphere and the Biosphere. What's in these spheres? How do they affect us? How do they fit into the puzzle that is Earth? All is contained within!

This first series is based on 5th grade science. We're super excited and hope you enjoy Crash Course Kids!

///Standards Used in This Video///
5-ESS2-1. Develop a model using an example to describe ways the geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and/or atmosphere interact. [Clarification Statement: Examples could include the influence of the ocean on ecosystems, landform shape, and climate; the influence of the atmosphere on landforms and ecosystems through weather and climate; and the influence of mountain ranges on winds and clouds in the atmosphere. The geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere are each a system.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to the interactions of two systems at a time.]

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Credits...

Executive Producers: John & Hank Green
Producer & Editor: Nicholas Jenkins
Cinematographer & Director: Michael Aranda
Host: Sabrina Cruz
Script Supervisor: Mickie Halpern
Writer: Ben Kessler
Consultant: Shelby Alinsky
Script Editor: Blake de Pastino

Thought Cafe Team:
Stephanie Bailis
Cody Brown
Suzanna Brusikiewicz
Jonathan Corbiere
Nick Counter
Kelsey Heinrichs
Jack Kenedy
Corey MacDonald
Tyler Sammy
Nikkie Stinchcombe
James Tuer
Adam Winnik

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 08. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Volcanoes --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 14, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

UCI ESS 5 The Atmosphere (Spring 2014)
Lecture 01: Composition and Evolution of the Atmosphere
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: The composition and circulation of the atmosphere with a focus on explaining the fundamentals of weather and climate. Topics include solar and terrestrial radiation, clouds, and weather patterns.

Recorded April 1, 2014

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie Earth Science System 5 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License (

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 11. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Water Vapor and Clouds --
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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 23, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

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Earth didn't have water when it formed, but it does now! How did it get wet?

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References
Campbell, I. H., & O'Neill, H. S. C. (2012). Evidence against a chondritic Earth.Nature, 483(7391), 553-558.

Drake, M. J. (2005). Origin of water in the terrestrial planets. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 40(4), 519-527.

Greenwood, J. P., Itoh, S., Sakamoto, N., Warren, P., Taylor, L., & Yurimoto, H. (2011). Hydrogen isotope ratios in lunar rocks indicate delivery of cometary water to the Moon. Nature Geoscience, 4(2), 79-82.

Hauri, E. H. (2013). Planetary science: Traces of ancient lunar water. Nature Geoscience, 6(3), 159-160.

Marty, B. (2012). The origins and concentrations of water, carbon, nitrogen and noble gases on Earth. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 313, 56-66.

Pepin, R. O. (2006). Atmospheres on the terrestrial planets: Clues to origin and evolution. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 252(1), 1-14.

Robert, F. (2001). The origin of water on Earth. Science, 293(5532), 1056-1058.

Robert, F. (2011). Planetary science: A distinct source for lunar water?. Nature Geoscience, 4(2), 74-75.

Saal, A. E., Hauri, E. H., Van Orman, J. A., & Rutherford, M. J. (2013). Hydrogen Isotopes in Lunar Volcanic Glasses and Melt Inclusions Reveal a Carbonaceous Chondrite Heritage. Science, 340(6138), 1317-1320.

The Equations of Atmospheric Dynamics
Chapter 01, Part 01: Forces in the Atmosphere

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A brief overview to the area of Earth Systems Science where we will be looking at the different spheres that make up Earth as a complex adaptive system.
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Transcription:
Earth systems science is the interdisciplinary study of earth as a complex system, composed of multiple physical and biological process that interact within cycles or spheres to give rise to the overall state of the earth as an entire systems.

Of cause people have been studying earth for a long time, geologies study the formation of rocks, metrologies are interested in the atmosphere and so on,
With all of these different domains supported by the deep understanding of our physical environment that physics has built up over the past few centuries.

But it is only more recently that satellites have started to allow us to see earth as an entirety and human activity has begun to have a significant enough effect to alter earth systems making it increasingly important for us to be able to model and manage them.

From space we can view the net results of earths complex interactions and with high-tech sensors on land and in the ocean, we are getting an clear idea of its overall make up, from this researchers in different domains are discovering how their pieces of the puzzle are related to each other.

Earth systems science then tries to develop models that gives an integrated picture of how all these parts fit together, the first of these models is of earth as a systems in space with inputs and outputs of energy or radiation from the sun, with this energy being the primary factor in driving the dynamics process within the system.


As opposed to focusing on the static properties of earths individual components
Earth systems science instead takes a more dynamic view of the world, studying the ways energy and materials cycle through the different subsystems or what are called -spheres

Earths different sphere are largely defined by the different phases of mater they are composed of thus the atmosphere is composed of gasses, the hydrosphere of liquid water and the lithosphere solid minerals added to this is the biosphere
The sum of all biological material and processes.

Within each sphere a process called a cycles take place, for example in the lithosphere we have the rock cycle driven by the thermal energy within earth's interior that releases minerals through ocean ridges and volcanoes that are weathered as they cycle through earths crust and are eventual subducted returning to their origin



The hydro cycle driven by the thermal energy of the sun, cycles water between the earths surface and atmosphere through the process of evaporation, condensation and precipitation, this process helps to distribute moisture to support ecosystems at a variety of locations

The atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding the planet that is held in place by gravity, it is the primary vehicle of temperature and climate regulation through the Cycle of carbon in and out of the atmosphere where it functions, through the green house effect to trap the suns heart.

The biosphere is the relatively thin layer of Earth's surface that supports all biological activity on earth. The biosphere is a system also characterized by the continuous cycling of matter and energy in the form of the flow of solar energy and nutrient mineral cycles.

Solar energy flows through the biosphere along a unidirectional path, as the suns energy is inputted through plant photosynthesis and process up through what are called trophic levels form primary producers to herbivores and on to predators and apex predators.

Along side the flow of energy through food webs it the cycling of mineral nutrients the core substances required for the construction of biological materials and processes, carbon, water, oxygen, nitrogen have been continuously cycled through the biosphere from one generation to the next for billions of years

These different spheres interact to create a unique state or ecosystem, an ecosystems is the combination of a community of biological organism and a particular physical environment with which they interact...

From terrifying home-swallowing sinkholes to picturesque natural caverns, we count fifteen awe-inspiring planetary cavities
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Image credits & information sources for this video:
Planet Dolan PTY LTD and Danger Dolan™ have made reasonable inquiries within the timeframe available to identify the source of any images used and attribute the source accordingly.

Background audio copyright Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0

Dr. Sandy MacDonald, the inventor of NOAA's Science On a Sphere, gives a Science On a Sphere Earth system overview in Planet Theater at the Earth System Research Laboratory in Boulder, CO. For more information on Science On a Sphere, visit

Prepare to witness the explosion that formed planet Earth, and travel back in time to explore the evolution of the Earth we know today. We'll see new technologies that allow today's geoscientists to strip back layers of the Earth, to see what previously could only be imagined. This is episode 1 of the 4 part Faces of Earth series.

This NASA video segment introduces Earth System Science. Examples are provided that explain how systems are created by parts interconnecting with other parts to make a whole. Color animation and examples of systems model how they work. The use of graphs, charts, and drawings to communicate thinking is emphasized in this segment.

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 26. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Why Climate Changes --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded December 4, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

This is part one of a mini-series i did for a school project. it is enjoyable and educational. so you should watch it definitely all the way through and stuff

Welcome to my new lecture series called Understanding Science, in which I introduce the core concepts underlying the process of scientific discovery. This first lecture is on the topic of Proof. What does it mean to say that a claim is true or false, and how do we go about investigating it?

Colin Frayn
frayn.net
January 2012

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 17. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Oceans -- Part 1
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded November 6, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

You can find out more about our course here:
Email us at [email protected] or phone +353 (0)21 490 4650

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 13. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Global Circulation Patterns --
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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 28, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 22. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Biogeochemical Cycles --
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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded November 22, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

UCI ESS 21: On Thin Ice (Winter 2014)
Lec 01. On Thin Ice -- Introduction --
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Description: In recent decades we have observed a significant reduction of the cryosphere due to anthropogenic climate change. The observed and predicted changes in the extent and amount of snow and ice will have major impacts on climate, ecosystems and human populations both at a local and global scale. This course will introduce students to the science behind climate change as well as the physical and chemical processes that govern components of the cryosphere, including snow, permafrost, sea ice, glaciers and ice sheets. Particular emphasis will be placed on the important role that each component plays in the larger climate system and potential feedbacks. We will also examine some of the social, economic and political impacts that the melting cryosphere will have on countries around the Arctic and also worldwide, such as access to new petroleum reserves, infrastructure damage due to melting permafrost, sea level rise and decreases in freshwater availability.

Recorded on January 6, 2014.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. On Thin Ice 21 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 06. Introduction to Earth System Science --Plate Boundaries --
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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 9, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License.

A Flipped Classroom? This is video introduces how to watch a class video, expectations, and introduces classroom Cornell Note sheets.

UCI ESS 21: On Thin Ice (Winter 2014)
Lec 09. On Thin Ice -- Permafrost --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: In recent decades we have observed a significant reduction of the cryosphere due to anthropogenic climate change. The observed and predicted changes in the extent and amount of snow and ice will have major impacts on climate, ecosystems and human populations both at a local and global scale. This course will introduce students to the science behind climate change as well as the physical and chemical processes that govern components of the cryosphere, including snow, permafrost, sea ice, glaciers and ice sheets. Particular emphasis will be placed on the important role that each component plays in the larger climate system and potential feedbacks. We will also examine some of the social, economic and political impacts that the melting cryosphere will have on countries around the Arctic and also worldwide, such as access to new petroleum reserves, infrastructure damage due to melting permafrost, sea level rise and decreases in freshwater availability.

Recorded on January 29, 2014.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. On Thin Ice 21 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. (creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en_US).

NASA Connect segment explaining Earth System Science. The video also explores how modern technology studies the many different areas of Earth System Science.

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 10. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Atmosphere Formation and Evolution --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded on October 18, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

Video transcript available here:
Dr Steve Rintoul, Dr John Church and Dr Pep Canadell of CSIRO discuss our climate science research to understand how and why the Earth system is warming.

I do NOT own the copy right of this video. Thanks MIT for the valuable video. for more details, visit for the notes.

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 21. Introduction to Earth System Science -- History of Life on Earth (and Mass Extinctions) --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded November 20, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 14. Introduction to Earth System Science -- Freshwater -- Part 1
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 30, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (

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Every other Wednesday we present a new video, so join us to see the truth laid bare...

There is a place on Earth that we have never seen. It is a place of unimaginable heat and pressure, where no life could survive. Yet without it, we would perish for it holds the key to our precarious existence on this planet.

2000 miles below the Earth's surface, there is a vast ocean of molten iron. The spinning outer core of the Earth generates a protective magnetic shield around the planet, defending life from lethal space radiation. But now there is startling data that it could be about to stop defending us. Naked Science is taking you on a journey to the centre of the Earth.

UCI ESS 5 The Atmosphere (Spring 2014)
Lecture 6: Pressure and Winds
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

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Description: The composition and circulation of the atmosphere with a focus on explaining the fundamentals of weather and climate. Topics include solar and terrestrial radiation, clouds, and weather patterns.

Recorded April 18, 2014

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie Earth Science System 5 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License (

A look into the Department of Earth System Science at UC Irvine.

Video created by UCI alum Wilbert Cheng

UCI ESS 1: Introduction to Earth System Science (Fall 2013)
Lec 09. Introduction to Earth System Science -- The Rock Cycle and the Geological Timescale --
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Instructor: Julie Ferguson, Ph.D.

License: Creative Commons CC-BY-SA
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Description: Earth System Science covers the following topics: the origin and evolution of the Earth, atmosphere, oceans, perspective of biogeochemical cycles, energy use, and human impacts on the Earth system.

Recorded October 16, 2013.

Required attribution: Ferguson, Julie. Introduction to Earth System Science 1 (UCI OpenCourseWare: University of California, Irvine), [Access date]. License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 United States License. (